Energy storage is a key technology to support large-scale development of new energy and ensure energy security. However, high initial investment and low utilization rate hinder its widespread application. The success of the sharing economy provides new ideas. Energy storage sharing (ESS) has the advantages of efficient operation, safety, controllability and economic saving. Hence, this paper aims to promote the development of ESS by analyzi. Energy storage is a key technology to support large-scale development of new energy and ensure energy security. However, high initial investment and low utilization rate hinder its widespread application. The success of the sharing economy provides new ideas. Energy storage sharing (ESS) has the advantages of efficient operation, safety, controllability and economic saving. Hence, this paper aims to promote the development of ESS by analyzing its barriers and solutions. First, twelve barriers to ESS from economics, technology, policy, and business models are identified. The application scenarios are divided into power supply side, power grid side and load side. Then, triangular fuzzy numbers and hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set are used to collect evaluation information. An integration of methods including decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), interpretative structural modeling (ISM), and Matrix impacts cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) is used to analyze the interaction between barriers and identify significant barriers. Finally, strategic solutions and policy recommendations are proposed to remove or mitigate major barriers. Through model analysis, the establishment of policies, regulations and industry standards is the basis for the development of ESS.••••The development barriers and prospects of energy storage sharing is studied.••A multi-dimensional barrier system and three application scenarios is identified.••The key barriers and the interrelationship between barriers are identified.••Regulations, policies, and industry standards are the most importance barriers.••Methods and suggestions for eliminating key barriers are presented.Energy storage sharingBarriers analysisDEMATELISMCRMcomprehensive relation matrixDEMATELdecision-making trial and evaluation laboratoryDMdecision-makerDRMdirect relation matrixESenergy storageESS1.1. Background and motivationWith the exhaustion of energy resources and the deterioration of the environment, the traditional way of obtaining energy needs to be changed urgently to meet the current energy demand (Anvari-Moghaddam et al., 2017). Renewable energy (RE) will become the main way of energy supply in the future due to its extensive sources and pollution-free characteristics (Atia & Yamada, 2016). Therefore, RE will continue to be incorporated into the power grid on a large scale in the coming decades. However, the randomness, intermittency and volatility of RE will have an adverse impact on the voltage and frequency of the power system (Li et al., 2022). Moreover, with the penetration of a high proportion of RE, maintaining the real-time balance between supply and demand has great difficulties for the power system (Zakaria et al., 2020). Energy storage (ES) are seen as a potential solution to these problems due to uncontrollable RE sources and variable electricity demand (Zhu & Ouahada, 2019). From the perspective of power grid operation, ES can help power grid to carry out charging backup, transmission support and voltage control (Luo et al., 2015). For RE power stations, the ES can increase the consumption of RE as much as possible, and reduce “wind and photovoltaic (PV)” abandonment (Ma et al., 2022). For users, ES can improve the efficiency of distributed RE gener.
